Bare Form
Nouns do not differentiate singular or plural by default. The bare form indicates any amount larger than zero, which can be specified further with numbers.
ornita bird |
'birds / a bird' |
mona one |
ornita bird |
'a bird' |
deka ten |
ornita bird |
'ten birds' |
nula zero |
ornita bird |
'zero birds' |
Numbers with units and counters are treated as modifiers. The head noun is turned into its genitive form (-e) while the number and units are placed after it.
hidre water-GEN |
dua two |
kotila cup |
'two cups of water' |
Specific Numbers
nula | zero (0) | kila | thousand (1000) | |
mona | one (1) | mega | million (10^6) | |
dua | two (2) | giga | 10^9 | |
tria | three (3) | tera | 10^12 | |
tetra | four (4) | peta | 10^15 | |
penta | five (5) | eksa | 10^18 | |
heksa | six (6) | zeta | 10^21 | |
hepta | seven (7) | iota | 10^24 | |
okta | eight (8) | rona | 10^27 | |
enea | nine (9) | kueta | 10^30 | |
deka | ten (10) | kilokueta | 10^33 | |
hekta | hundred (100) | megokueta | 10^36 |
Placing two numbers next to each other results in the value of their sum. Multiplication is done by changing the final -a with an -o and can only be done consecutively to the next larger decimal.
deka ten |
penta five |
'fifteen (15)' |
trio three* |
deka ten |
heksa six |
'thirty six (36)' |
tetro deko forty* |
pento five* |
mega million |
tetro four* |
kila thousand |
|
'forty five million and four thousand (45 004 000)' |
Number Affixes & Operations
he-N | : | the N-th object, number N |
A plus B | : | A plus B |
A nega B | : | A minus B |
N-oplo X | : | to do/be something N times |
N-oplosa | : | to multiply something by N |
A-oplike B | : | the product of A times B |
N-opliko X / X-e N-oplika | : | (to do something) for the N-th time |
A-o per-B | : | A divided by B |
radikse N | : | decimal point/comma |
A-o autople B | : | A raised to the B-th power |
logaritme A ala B | : | log A to base B |
Relative Numbers
oliga | : | few, a small amount |
miria | : | many, a large amount |
hemi | : | some (not all) |
pan | : | all existing |
amfo | : | all possible |
The quantifiers oliga and miria don't tell you an exact amount, they just give you a vague idea about how many there are relative to the usual or expected amount.
La that |
felin'ai cat-∈ |
oliga a few |
iktio fish-ɢᴇɴ |
fagos eat |
'That cat ate a few fish.' |
Sa this |
felin'ai cat-∈ |
miria many |
iktio fish-ɢᴇɴ |
fagos eat |
'This cat ate a lot of fish.' |
The quantifiers hemi, pan, and amfo are used to convey information about the population.
Hemi some |
felin'ai cat-∈ |
iktio fish-ɢᴇɴ |
fagos eat |
'Some cats eat fish.' |
Pan all |
felin'ai cat-∈ |
iktio fish-ɢᴇɴ |
fagos eat |
'All cats eat fish.' |
With hemi, the sentence is highlighting that there exist cats that eat fish and cats that don't eat fish. By using the word pan, this sentence is stating a current fact that every individual cat that currently exists (i.e. each of the 400 million cats on Earth as of 2022) has eaten, is eating, or will eat a more-than-zero amount of fish at some point in their life. However, it might be possible that a new cat born today will never eat fish.
A more robust way of making generalization is by using the indeterminate amfo, 'any', to refer to every possible member of a category.
Amfo any |
felin'ai cat-∈ |
iktio fish-ɢᴇɴ |
fagos eat |
'Any cat eats fish.' |
This statement applies to both real and hypothetical cats. It would mean that the act of eating a fish is inevitable for a cat in this world, i.e. "under current situation, it is impossible to get a cat to never eat fish".
We can add the word persei, 'logically, by definition' or 'it must be that', at the start to make the generalization absolute.
Persei must.be |
amfo any |
felin'ai cat-∈ |
iktio fish-ɢᴇɴ |
fagos eat |
'It must be that any cat eats fish.' |
This statement is saying that the act of eating fish is an absolute criteria or essence for our concept or definition of what counts as a cat. I.e. under any situation, if something does not eat fish, then it is not a cat.