Defining Relative Clause (hai, hai peri, hai peri sin)

In general, you can make a relative clause by adding hai 'that, which is/does...' after the noun that is directly involved in the situation.

We use hai peri 'which surrounds' for the location and hai peri sin 'which surrounds the duration' for the time of the event described by the subordinate clause.

Alias/Synonyms & Non-defining Relative Clauses (aka & aka hai)

We use aka hai to make non-defining relative clauses. This is an additional information that does not further specify the identity of the referred object, but merely gives a description about its general category.

We can just say aka if the relative clause is an alias, a synonym, or a comparable equivalent to the head noun phrase.

Names and Foreign Words (he & al)

We use he to mark the names of persons and specific objects. We can think of it like honorifics, like 'mr' or 'ms'. We use al to mark foreign words and foreign object types or categories.