Active & Causative Forms (-osa, -ogenosa)
The suffix -osa is used to form active verbs or agent nouns from a root (X) that mean 'something that is or does X'. Meanwhile, the -ogenosa suffix is used to form causative verbs/nouns 'something that causes other things to be or do X'. The root form -o- cannot be used on its own, but can be combined with other words.
Passive Forms (-ita, -ika, -itema)
The are different ways to make a passive verbs/nouns from a root. The suffix -ita is used for the "patient": something that has already existed prior to an action but is then manipulated or affected by that action. Meanwhile, -ika is used for the "product" or "result" of an activity: something that did not exist previously but was created during an action. And then there's -itema which is used for the "ideate": something that is represented, perceived, or thought about without necessarily being affected.
Abstract or Gerund Form (-atea)
The suffix -atea is used to convert concrete nouns into gerund-like "abstract" nouns that mean 'the act/process of doing X' or 'the state/condition/quality of being X'.
| kriosa n. 'cold obj.' |
→ | kriosatea n. 'coldness, the state of being a cold object' |
| fagosa n. 'eater' |
→ | fagosatea n. 'eater-ness, the act of eating, consumption by' |
| fagita n. 'food' |
→ | fagitatea n. 'food-ness, the state of being eaten, consumption of' |
| humana n. 'human' |
→ | humanatea n. 'human-ness, the quality of being a human' |
Resemblance (-oida)
The suffix -oida are used to indicate similarity to something.
| hidra n. 'water' |
→ | hidroida n. 'something that behaves like water' |
| fagosa n. 'eater' v. 'to eat' |
→ | fagosoida n. 'something that behaves like an eater' v. 'to act like its eating' |
Instrumentals (-atosa)
The suffix -atosa is used to form active verbs or agent nouns from another noun (X) that mean 'something that uses or applies X onto something else'.
| hidra n. 'water' |
→ | hidratosa v. 'to apply water to something, to irrigate, to hydrate' |